Hyperlane interchain security modules

Hyperlane's pitch is sovereign interop: deploy the protocol anywhere, pick your own validator set, swap the security model by contract. The core primitive is the Interchain Security Module, a pluggable verifier that sits on the destination chain and decides whether a delivered message is valid.

One application can use a multisig ISM, another can use an optimistic ISM, another can use a ZK-light-client ISM - all on the same transport. The messaging layer itself is permissionless: anyone can deploy Hyperlane to a new rollup without asking permission from a central team.

This is the opposite philosophy from LayerZero's curated DVN set, and both approaches are finding customers. Hyperlane is especially popular with appchain rollups that want messaging without handing over trust.